Skip to content
Science

What is Convection?

Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid — liquid or gas. Warm fluid rises because it's less dense, cooler fluid sinks, and this circulation carries heat around. It drives weather, ocean currents, and a boiling pot of water.

See it, don’t just read it.
Watch a 2-minute lesson with voice + animation that explains convection.
▶ Watch the visual lesson

Key things to understand

  • 1It's heat transfer through moving fluids (liquids or gases).
  • 2Warm, less-dense fluid rises; cool fluid sinks.
  • 3This sets up a circulating 'convection current'.
  • 4It drives weather, ocean currents, and boiling water.

Frequently asked questions

What is convection?
The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid, as warm parts rise and cool parts sink.
What's an everyday example of convection?
Boiling water, where hot water rises and cooler water sinks, circulating heat through the pot.
How is convection different from conduction?
Conduction transfers heat through direct contact; convection transfers it through moving fluid.

Related topics