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What is metamorphic rock?
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Quick answer
Metamorphic rock forms when an existing rock is transformed by intense heat and pressure deep underground — without fully melting. The word means 'changed form'. Marble (from limestone) and slate (from shale) are common examples. It forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure, but not melted (melting would make it igneous).
Key things to understand
- It forms when existing rock is changed by heat and pressure, but not melted (melting would make it igneous).
- The original rock can be igneous, sedimentary, or even another metamorphic rock.
- Heat and pressure rearrange the minerals, often making the rock harder and sometimes banded.
- Examples: marble (from limestone), slate (from shale), and gneiss.
- 'Metamorphic' comes from Greek words meaning 'change of form'.
People also ask
How does metamorphic rock form?
When existing rock is subjected to high heat and pressure deep in the Earth — enough to rearrange its minerals and change its texture, but not enough to melt it. Melting would instead create igneous rock.
What are examples of metamorphic rock?
Marble (changed from limestone), slate (from shale), gneiss, and quartzite. Marble and slate are widely used in building and roofing.
What's the difference between metamorphic and igneous rock?
Igneous rock forms from molten rock that cooled. Metamorphic rock was never fully melted — it's existing rock transformed in the solid state by heat and pressure.
Part of the guide: Nature & Earth: Living Things and Rocks →