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Science

What is An ecosystem?

An ecosystem is a community of living things — plants, animals, microbes — interacting with each other and their physical environment (air, water, soil) as a connected system. Energy and nutrients flow through it.

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Watch a 2-minute lesson with voice + animation that explains an ecosystem.
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Key things to understand

  • 1It includes living parts (organisms) and non-living parts (water, soil, climate).
  • 2Energy flows from the sun → plants → animals through food chains.
  • 3Nutrients cycle through and get reused.
  • 4Remove one part and the whole system can be thrown off balance.

Frequently asked questions

What are the parts of an ecosystem?
Living things (plants, animals, microbes) and non-living factors like sunlight, water, air, and soil.
How does energy flow in an ecosystem?
From the sun to plants (producers), then to animals (consumers), and finally to decomposers.
What happens if part of an ecosystem is removed?
It can disrupt food chains and balance, sometimes harming many other species.

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