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Finance

What is Deflation?

Deflation is a general fall in prices across an economy — the opposite of inflation. While cheaper goods sound good, deflation can be dangerous: people delay spending expecting lower prices, which slows the economy and can deepen downturns.

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Key things to understand

  • 1It's a broad, sustained fall in prices.
  • 2It's the opposite of inflation.
  • 3It can make people delay purchases.
  • 4That can slow the economy and worsen recessions.

Frequently asked questions

What is deflation?
A general, sustained decline in prices across an economy — the opposite of inflation.
Why is deflation bad?
People postpone spending expecting lower prices, which can stall growth, cut jobs, and deepen downturns.
What causes deflation?
Falling demand, reduced money supply, or sharp productivity gains can all push prices down.

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