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Finance

What is A balance sheet?

A balance sheet is a financial snapshot of what a company owns and owes at a moment in time. It lists assets on one side and liabilities plus owners' equity on the other — and the two sides always balance.

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Key things to understand

  • 1It shows assets (what you own) vs liabilities (what you owe) plus equity.
  • 2The core equation: Assets = Liabilities + Equity.
  • 3It's a snapshot at a single date, unlike an income statement over time.
  • 4It reveals financial health and how a business is funded.

Frequently asked questions

What is on a balance sheet?
Assets (cash, inventory, property), liabilities (debts), and owners' equity.
What is the accounting equation?
Assets = Liabilities + Equity — the rule that makes a balance sheet 'balance'.
How is a balance sheet different from an income statement?
A balance sheet is a snapshot in time; an income statement shows revenue and costs over a period.

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