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Science

How do stars form?

A star forms when a giant cloud of gas and dust collapses under its own gravity. As it shrinks, the center grows incredibly hot and dense until nuclear fusion ignites — and the star begins to shine.

See it in motion.
Watch a 2-minute animated lesson that shows exactly how stars works.
▶ Watch the visual lesson

Step by step

  • 1It starts as a vast cloud of gas and dust.
  • 2Gravity pulls the cloud inward, making it collapse.
  • 3The core heats up as it becomes denser.
  • 4When it's hot enough, nuclear fusion ignites and the star shines.

Frequently asked questions

How do stars form?
Clouds of gas and dust collapse under gravity until their cores get hot enough to start nuclear fusion.
What makes a star shine?
Nuclear fusion in its core converts hydrogen into helium, releasing enormous light and heat.
How long do stars live?
From millions to billions of years, depending on their mass — smaller stars last far longer.

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