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Finance

How does a loan work?

A loan works by a lender giving you a sum of money now that you repay over time, plus interest — the cost of borrowing. You typically repay in regular installments that cover both the original amount (principal) and the interest.

See it in motion.
Watch a 2-minute animated lesson that shows exactly how a loan works.
▶ Watch the visual lesson

Step by step

  • 1A lender gives you money (the principal) up front.
  • 2You repay it over time in installments, plus interest.
  • 3Interest is the lender's fee, usually a percentage per year.
  • 4Collateral (like a house) can secure a loan and lower its rate.

Frequently asked questions

What is principal and interest?
Principal is the amount you borrowed; interest is the extra you pay for borrowing it.
What's the difference between secured and unsecured loans?
Secured loans are backed by collateral (like a car or house); unsecured loans aren't, so they usually cost more.
How is a loan repayment calculated?
Installments are set so that, over the term, you repay the principal plus the accumulated interest.

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