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~2 minSpecial vs. General Relativity: What's the Difference?
Read the comparison below, or explore it visually. Create a visual lesson comparing special relativity and general relativity using available credits or plan allowance.
Both are Einstein's theories of relativity, but they cover different situations. Special relativity (1905) deals with objects moving at constant high speeds with no gravity; general relativity (1915) extends it to include gravity and acceleration, describing gravity as the curving of spacetime.
At a glance
| Special Relativity | General Relativity | |
|---|---|---|
| Year | 1905 | 1915 |
| Covers | Constant-speed motion, no gravity | Gravity and acceleration |
| Key idea | Light's speed is constant for everyone | Mass curves spacetime |
| Famous results | E = mc², time dilation | Black holes, gravitational lensing |
| Relationship | The special case | The general theory (includes special) |
Which should you use?
Special Relativity
Special relativity applies when gravity is negligible and things move at steady high speeds — like particles in an accelerator.
General Relativity
General relativity is needed wherever gravity matters — near stars and black holes, or for precise GPS timing.
Frequently asked questions
Why is one 'special' and the other 'general'?
'Special' relativity handles a special case — no gravity, constant speeds. 'General' relativity is the more general theory that also covers gravity and acceleration.
Which came first?
Special relativity (1905) came first; Einstein spent another decade extending it into general relativity (1915) by incorporating gravity.
Do I need general relativity in everyday life?
Indirectly — GPS satellites must correct for general (and special) relativistic effects to pinpoint your location accurately.